前言
可以说，在过去的二十五年里，认知行为疗法（CBT）经历了显著的发展。例如，将五栏思考记录扩展到七栏的转变，就是由内部创新推动的，这使得CBT的应用范围超越了最初的抑郁症和焦虑症，涵盖到了更多的疾病类型。另外一些调整，如重视个人的优势和平衡接纳与改变，是对其他治疗模式带来的外部挑战的回应。在这个快速发展的领域，治疗师要想回到CBT的基本原则，而不受流行趋势和特定应用场景的影响，确实很有挑战。实际上，我经常遇到那些对正念认知疗法感兴趣的学员。当问起他们的CBT背景时，他们表示自己对CBT的了解非常有限，也不觉得有必要深入学习。他们似乎急于跳过CBT的基础，直接进入他们认为更有趣的领域。然而，我总是告诉他们，如果对基本模型的理解不够深入，就很难在学习新的CBT变体时取得进展，这往往与他们的期待不符。
《简化认知行为疗法》在这方面的表现非常出色，它提供了基于临床实践和技能的CBT理论与干预措施的基础培训。这本书源于妮娜·约瑟福维茨和大卫·迈兰长达二十年的职业生涯，他们既是认知治疗师，也是教师、督导师和学者。本书以用户友好的方式，提供了对CBT核心内容的宝贵见解，适合所有层次的学习者。
例如，决定以实际治疗会话的结构来编写本书是一个非常创新的举动。书中设定了议程，分配并复盘家庭作业，涵盖了与材料相关的具体技能。在这里，我们可以看到最高质量的CBT实践。《简化认知行为疗法》不仅仅是以理论方式传递信息，而是鼓励读者通过实践来学习。
妮娜和大卫认为，只有通过亲身体验CBT的原则和干预措施，读者才能最大化本书的价值。通过给自己布置家庭作业并监测其完成情况，或者规划日常活动并注意这些活动是否能按计划进行，读者可以学到更多。我认为，这种方法是《简化认知行为疗法》与其他同类型书籍的最大不同之处。它还展示了CBT中的一个重要概念——引导发现，如何应用于治疗学习的所有方面，无论是在治疗过程中还是之外。愿意投入时间和精力以这种方式使用本书的读者一定不会感到失望。
《简化认知行为疗法》分为几个部分，对应CBT工作的不同阶段，强调了重要的构想原则和持续评估，确保使用最合适的技巧。早期章节侧重于识别客户的优点和问题，以及设定治疗目标。接下来，读者将学习拆解情感激发的情境，并帮助客户管理这些情境，通过观察思想、情感、身体感觉和行为之间的相互作用。然后是解决问题的策略和行动计划，以及暴露和激活练习的具体应用。本书语言通俗易懂，大量使用的图形和互动表格确保了读者的参与感，引导他们使用这些经过实证支持的干预措施来促进情感和认知健康。虽然对任何一本书来说，达到这样的标准都是很高的要求，但《简化认知行为疗法》以出色的表现实现了这一目标。
——辛德尔·塞格尔 多伦多大学心理学教授 正念认知疗法的共同创始人
进一步阐述知识点
认知行为疗法（CBT）的发展
认知行为疗法（CBT）在过去二十五年间经历了显著的发展。这一发展不仅体现在技术层面的改进，如思考记录从五栏增加到七栏，从而更好地适应不同的心理障碍；还包括了对其他治疗模式的响应，比如更加注重个人优势和平衡接纳与改变。这些进步使得CBT的应用范围更加广泛，不再局限于最初的抑郁症和焦虑症。
学习CBT的重要性
尽管CBT已经有了很多变体和发展，但对于初学者来说，掌握CBT的基本原理仍然是至关重要的。这是因为CBT的基本模型为所有变体提供了坚实的基础。没有扎实的基础，很难在学习新的CBT变体时取得实质性的进展。因此，即使是对于那些对新兴治疗方法感兴趣的人来说，深入理解CBT的基本原理也是非常必要的。
《简化认知行为疗法》的特点
- 结构与内容：本书以实际治疗会话的结构编写，每个章节都像是一个完整的CBT会谈，包括设定议程、分配和复盘家庭作业，以及学习与材料相关的特定技能集。这种结构化的方法使得读者能够更好地理解和应用CBT。
- 实践导向：书中不仅提供了理论知识，还强调了实践的重要性。通过布置家庭作业和实际操作，读者可以在亲身体验中学习和掌握CBT的技巧。
- 互动性：大量的图形和互动表格使读者能够积极参与，确保他们在学习过程中保持高度的参与感和注意力。
- 适用性：本书适合所有层次的学习者，无论是初学者还是有经验的从业者，都可以从中受益。它不仅提供了基础知识，还涵盖了高级技巧和实际应用。
结论
《简化认知行为疗法》是一本非常有价值的书籍，它不仅提供了CBT的基本理论和实践技巧，还通过创新的结构和实践导向的方法，帮助读者更好地理解和应用CBT。对于希望深入学习CBT的读者来说，这是一本不可或缺的资源。
Foreword It is fair to say that cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) has undergone a tremendous evolution over the past twenty-five years. Some of these changes, such as moving from a five-column to a seven-column thought record, have been triggered by internal innovations and have helped extend CBT’s relevance to disorders falling outside the orbit of its initial validation for depression and anxiety. Other modifica- tions, such as focusing on strengths and balancing acceptance and change, have come in response to external challenges from other therapy models. With all this movement in the field it can be difficult for therapists to return to the basic elements of this approach in a way that is shorn of trends and niche applications. On this point, in fact, I am frequently approached by trainees who are interested in learn- ing about mindfulness-based cognitive therapy. When I ask them about their CBT background, they say it is minimal and they don’t see much need for it. The impression I have is that they are eager to leapfrog past the CBT essentials in order to get to the work they find more interesting. They tend to be surprised at my response, which often runs counter to their wishes and stresses that one can’t get very far in learning new CBT variants when the basic model is only weakly understood. CBT Made Simple does an enviable job in providing just this type of clinically pragmatic and skill- based grounding in CBT theory and interventions. Stemming from Nina Josefowitz and David Myran’s two-decade-long careers as cognitive therapists, teachers, supervisors, and academics, this book exem- plifies the best qualities of user-friendly, explicit guidance that offers valuable insights into the nuts and bolts of CBT to all levels of learners. For example, the decision to write this book with a structure that coheres to an actual therapy session is highly innovative. Agendas are set, homework is assigned and reviewed, and learning covers specific skill sets that are relevant to the material being covered. Here we see CBT at its finest. Rather than imparting this information in a purely theoretical manner, CBT Made Simple invites the reader to learn through doing. Nina and David rightly argue that it is only through the experiential immersion in CBT principles and interventions that the reader will optimize their book’s value. How much more can be learned from giving yourself a homework assignment and monitoring its performance or even nonperformance? Or scheduling your activities in a typical day and noticing whether life permits them to be achieved in their predetermined order? This approach, to my mind, is what separates CBT Made Simple from many other books touching on the same theme. It also shows how one of the metaconcepts in CBT, guided discovery, can be brought to bear on all aspects of therapeutic learning, whether inside or outside the actual therapy session. Readers who agree to take the plunge and work with the book in this manner will not be disappointed. CBT Made Simple is divided into parts that follow the different phases of CBT work and emphasize important formulation principles along with ongoing assessment in order to ensure that the most appropriate techniques are being employed. The early chapters focus on identifying client strengths and problem complaints as well as setting therapy goals. The reader then moves on to unpacking and helping clients regulate emotionally evocative situations through seeing the interplay of thoughts, feel- ings, physical sensations, and behavior. Problem solving and action plans follow, along with the specific application of exposure and activation exercises. The writing is very accessible and the numerous graphics and interactive forms used ensure that the reader is engaged, present, and invited to use these empirically supported interventions to enhance emotional and cognitive well-being. This may be a tall order for any book to fill, but CBT Made Simple has filled it in an exemplary manner. —Zindel Segal Professor of Psychology, University of Toronto Co-founder, Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy