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索引

索引 A 关于本书,10-11 接受与行动问卷(AAQ-2),145, 158 接纳与承诺疗法(ACT),3 情绪的接纳。参见正念接纳 现实的接纳。参见彻底接受 《情绪解剖》讲义,20, 173 《彻底接受的艺术》讲义,113-114, 236-237 评估:情绪效能评估,261;持续性评估的重要性,145;评估指标,145, 149-158;症状清单和评估,145-146;价值观评估,60-69 注意力转移,124, 125-126, 130 自动负面思维,103;由客户识别,104;用应对思维替换,104-105, 107-108, 234-235 情绪回避。参见情绪逃避 情绪意识。参见情绪觉察 B 在行动前分散注意力讲义,133-134, 246 行为失调,2 行为:情绪驱动的行为,43, 51-52;自我毁灭性的行为,124, 129-130 基于价值观行动的好处工作表,72, 205 塔拉·布拉赫,17 呼吸:提示控制呼吸,93, 96, 219;腹式呼吸,92, 95, 220 C 选择。参见关键时刻的选择 慢性疼痛,143, 146 客户应对思维讲义,106, 233 客户:评估过程,145-146;治疗导向,13-14;提供持续支持,146-147;情绪效能自评,261;为特定客户定制治疗,144 认知情绪回避,44 团体中的保密性,167 情绪回避的后果讲义,44-45, 183 巩固学习,139-142, 198, 211, 259-262 应对思维,103-112;示例,106, 108;暴露练习与之的关系,105, 109-112, 229-230;引导创建,104-105;讲义和工作表,106-108, 233-235;向客户介绍,104-105;O+A+C模型与之的关系,105;心理教育,229;用其替换自动思维,104-105, 107-108, 234-235;总结点,121;治疗对话示例,109-112。另见正念应对 提示控制呼吸,93, 96, 221 D 解离,29 意志消沉,143-144 抑郁、焦虑和压力量表-21(DASS-21),145, 156-157 辩证行为疗法(DBT),3, 112 腹式呼吸,92, 95, 220 情绪调节困难量表(DERS),145, 151-152 团体中的披露,167 分心,123-134;好处,133;情绪暴露与之的关系,243-244;解释,123-124;使用分心策略的讲义,133-134, 246;O+A+C模型与之的关系,131;心理教育,130, 243;正念分心步骤,133-134, 246;策略,124-130, 247-252;总结点,138;治疗对话示例,131-133 分心策略讲义,124-130, 247-252 痛苦不耐受,1, 4 忍受痛苦,7, 9, 89, 160, 163 痛苦容忍度量表(DTS),145, 150 令人痛苦的情境:在其中访问价值观,69-70, 75-76, 83-87;使用想象暴露,83-87

E EET。参见情绪效能疗法 EET的八次疗程协议,142-143, 165-262。另见具体EET疗程 情绪激活,144-145 情绪回避,43, 44-49;后果,45, 46-47;情绪效能与之的关系,1, 4;正念应对与之的关系,133;利弊分析,46-47;相关策略,44, 45;治疗对话示例,48-49 《情绪回避后果》工作表,47, 184 情绪觉察,6, 13-25;情绪成分,19-25;与意志消沉的相关性,143-144;感受词汇列表,24;解释情绪觉察的讲义,17-18, 171-172;向客户介绍情绪觉察,16-19;心理教育,168;疗程协议,165-177;总结点,27;治疗对话示例,18-19, 21-22;练习工作表,23, 174 《情绪觉察》讲义,17-18, 171-172 情绪失调,2, 7, 9, 30, 33 情绪效能:客户的自我评估,259;定义,1, 11, 15;向客户解释,14-16;低情绪效能的影响,2 情绪效能量表(EES),145, 155 情绪效能疗法(EET):评估,145-146;组成部分,5-8, 15-16;概念化,1-2;巩固学习,139-142;八次疗程协议,142-143, 165-262;暴露技术的应用,33-37;基础元素,3-5;关键时刻的选择,37-41;向客户介绍EET,13-14;使用的评估指标,145, 149-158;提供持续支持,146-147;使用原因,2-3;研究结果,159-163;疗程结构,10-11, 25;技能练习记录,25-26, 168, 177;总结点,11, 147;治疗中的挑战,143-145;独特之处,8-9。另见具体EET疗程 《情绪效能疗法技能》讲义,139-140, 254 情绪暴露,8, 33, 260;应对思维与之的关系,229-230;分心与之的关系,243-244;最后一次疗程的练习,260;正念接纳与之的关系,34-37;彻底接受与之的关系,228-229;放松技巧与之的关系,216-217;自我安抚技巧与之的关系,217-218。另见基于暴露的技能练习;想象暴露 情绪调节:正念应对与之的关系,8, 104;EET对情绪调节的研究结果,159, 161-162 情绪冲浪,43-58;与情绪回避的区别,44-49;与情绪驱动行为的区别,51-52;基于暴露的练习,54-56;练习讲义,53, 57, 192;所需的关键能力,43-44;正念接纳与之的关系,52;心理教育,179;反刍与之的区别,50-51;引导式脚本,55, 185;总结点,58;治疗对话示例,53-54, 56 《情绪冲浪练习》讲义,57, 192 《情绪观察》工作表,23, 174 情绪波比喻,43 情绪触发点:使用想象暴露,83-87;基于价值观的行动与之的关系,69-70, 75-76, 83-87 情绪驱动行为,43, 51-52;加剧情绪的行为,51;与客户讨论,52 情绪:激活,144-145;解剖,20, 173;组成,19-25;向客户解释,16, 17-18;心理教育,168;人们挣扎的原因,18 体验性回避,1, 9, 160, 163 体验性练习:五感放松,93, 96-97, 221;车上的怪物,75-82, 209-210。另见引导练习 解释,50, 51 暴露疗法,5 基于暴露的技能练习,5, 8, 33-37;应对思维与之的关系,105, 109-112, 229-230;分心与之的关系,131;情绪冲浪与之的关系,54-56;最后一次疗程的练习,258;引入讲义,34, 189;想象暴露与情绪暴露的区别,8, 33;正念接纳与之的关系,34-37, 186-188;心理教育,186-188;彻底接受与之的关系,228-229;放松与之的关系,214-215;自我安抚与之的关系,215-216;基于价值观的行动与之的关系,83-87, 194-196, 208-209 F 感受:情绪体验,20;无评判标签,31, 180;描述感受的词汇列表,24, 175 感受词汇列表,24, 175 五感练习,93, 96-97, 219 弗兰克尔,维克多,38 G 团体动力学,167, 186, 188 引导练习:情绪冲浪,55;正念接纳,32-33, 182。另见体验性练习

H 讲义:《情绪解剖》,20, 173;《彻底接受的艺术》,113-114, 234-235;《行动前分心》,133-134, 244;《客户应对思维》,106, 231;《情绪回避的后果》,44-45, 183;《分心策略》,124-130, 245-250;《情绪觉察》,17-18, 171-172;《情绪效能疗法技能》,139-140, 254;《情绪冲浪练习》,57, 192;《感受词汇列表》,24, 175;《如何驾驭情绪波》,53;《暴露疗法介绍》,34, 189;《正念接纳 | 观察 + 接受》,31-32, 180-181;《通过放松进行正念应对》,95-97, 220-221;《关键时刻的选择》,37-38, 200;《反刍思考》,51;《暂停一下》,134, 253;《什么是情绪效能?》,15, 170;《你对情绪效能疗法可以期待什么?》,14, 169。另见工作表 海耶斯,史蒂文,3 听觉,98-99, 223-224 高情绪效能,3, 15 《如何驾驭情绪波》讲义,53 I 想象暴露,8, 33;应对思维与之的关系,105, 109-112;情绪冲浪与之的关系,54, 58;最后一次疗程的练习,258; 正念接纳与之的关系,34-37, 186-188; 心理教育,186-188;基于价值观的行动与之的关系,83-87, 194-196, 210-211。另见情绪暴露;基于暴露的技能练习 《暴露疗法介绍》讲义,34, 189 J 评判,50, 51 K 卡巴金,乔恩,30 L 学习:巩固学习,139-142, 198, 211, 259-262;状态依赖性学习,5, 57, 90;跨情绪学习,4-5 莱因汉,玛莎,3, 112 低情绪效能:特征,1-2;跨诊断治疗,3-4 M 适应不良的行为反应,1 隐喻:情绪波,43;车上的怪物,75 正念接纳,6-7, 29-42;使用的好处,31;巩固学习,140-141;情绪冲浪与之的关系,52;基于暴露的实践与之的关系,33-37;引入讲义,31-32, 182-183;关键时刻的选择与之的关系,37-41;心理教育,29-33, 179;引导脚本,32-33, 182;疗程协议,178-194;总结点,42;治疗对话示例,34-37, 38-41, 186-188。另见彻底接受 《正念接纳 | 观察 + 接受》讲义,31-32, 180-181 正念应对,7-8, 89-138;优点,90;巩固学习,140, 141-142;应对思维与之的关系,103-112, 233-235;使用标准,137;日常生活中的应用,137-138;分心与之的关系,123-134, 246-252;解释,89-90;向客户介绍,90-91;O+A+C模型与之的关系,92, 101-102;疗程外的应用,101-102;心理教育,216;彻底接受与之的关系,112-120, 236-239;放松技巧与之的关系,92-97, 220-221;自我安抚技术与之的关系,97-101, 222-225;疗程协议,215-257;指导实践步骤,91;总结点,102, 121, 138;治疗对话示例,91, 93-95, 101, 137-138;暂停与之的关系,134-137 《通过放松进行正念应对》讲义,95-97, 220-221 《通过自我安抚进行正念应对》工作表,97-100, 222-225 正念:正念接纳源自于此,29, 31;介绍视频,30 关键时刻的选择:客户识别,7, 15;引入讲义,37-38, 200;正念接纳与之的关系,29, 37-41;心理教育,196;治疗对话示例,38-41;基于价值观的行动与之的关系,71, 88 《关键时刻的选择》讲义,37-38, 200 《车上的怪物》练习,75-82;疗程中使用,209-210;准备客户,76;治疗对话示例,77-82 动机,60, 71, 74, 75-76, 88 N 负面想法。参见自动负面思维 消极偏见,17

O O+A+C(观察+接受+选择)模型,83;应对思维与之的关系,105;分心与之的关系,131;基于价值观行动的想象暴露与之的关系,83-84, 197, 210-211;正念应对与之的关系,92, 101-102;暂停与之的关系,135 结果测量,145, 149-158;接纳与行动问卷,158;抑郁、焦虑和压力量表-21,156-157;情绪调节困难量表,151-152;痛苦容忍度量表,150;情绪效能量表,155;价值生活问卷,153-154 P 恐慌障碍,143 个性化情绪效能计划,140-142, 253-254 视角转换,29 愉悦活动,124, 128-129 治疗后测量,261 预测,50, 51 治疗前测量,166 专注于生产力,124, 126-127 保护性情绪回避,44 心理教育:关于应对思维,229;关于分心,130;关于情绪觉察,168;关于情绪冲浪,179;关于正念接纳,29-33, 179;关于正念应对,216;关于关键时刻的选择,196;关于彻底接受,230;关于暂停,135 R 彻底接受,112-120;情绪暴露与之的关系,230-231;示例,113;解释,112, 113-114;《彻底接受的艺术》讲义,113-114, 236-237;练习工作表,118-120, 238-239;心理教育,230;情境评估,118-120;练习步骤,120, 239;总结点,121;治疗对话示例,114-118。另见正念接纳 《彻底接受》工作表,118-120, 238-239 放松,92-97;情绪暴露与之的关系,214-215;使用的技巧,92-93, 95-97, 220-221;治疗对话示例,93-95 无紧张放松练习,92-93, 96, 220 用应对思维替换自动思维工作表,107-108 EET的研究结果,159-163 反刍思考,43, 50-51;关于反刍思考的讲义,51;相关的技能困难,143;三种主要形式,50 《反刍思考》讲义,51 S 神圣暂停,38 团体中的安全空间,167 脚本:引导式情绪冲浪,55, 185;引导式正念接纳,32-33, 182。另见体验性练习 自我毁灭行为,124, 129-130 自评量表,145 自我安抚,97-101;情绪暴露与之的关系,217-218;使用五感进行自我安抚,97-100, 222-225;治疗对话示例,101 感觉:情绪体验,20;正念接纳感觉,31, 143, 180 感官:五感放松练习,93, 96-97;使用每种感官进行自我安抚,97-100, 222-225 EET第一次疗程(情绪觉察),165-177;描述,165;团体动力学,167;讲义和工作表,169-175;材料清单,166;治疗前测量,166;程序概述,166-168;技能练习,176-177 EET第二次疗程(正念接纳),178-192;描述,178;暴露练习,186-188;团体动力学,186, 188;讲义和工作表,180-185, 189;材料清单,178;程序概述,179;脚本,182, 185;技能练习,190-191 EET第三次疗程(基于价值观的行动),195-207;描述,195;讲义和工作表,199-205;想象暴露,196-198;材料清单,195;程序概述,196-198;技能练习,206-207 EET第四次疗程(基于价值观的行动),208-214;描述,208;讲义和工作表,212-213;想象暴露,210-211;材料清单,208;《车上的怪物》练习,209-210;程序概述,208-211;技能练习,213-215 EET第五次疗程(正念应对),215-227;描述,215;情绪暴露,216-218;讲义和工作表,219-225;材料清单,215;程序概述,216-218;放松练习,216-217, 220-221;自我安抚练习,217-218, 221-225;技能练习,226-227 EET第六次疗程(正念应对),228-241;应对思维练习,229-230, 233-235;描述,228;情绪暴露,229-231;讲义和工作表,232-239;材料清单,228;程序概述,229-231;彻底接受练习,230-231, 236-239;技能练习,240-241 EET第七次疗程(正念应对),242-258;描述,242;分心练习,243-244, 246-252;EET技能回顾,254;情绪暴露,243-244;讲义和工作表,245-256;材料清单,242;个性化情绪效能计划,244, 255-256;程序概述,243-244;技能练习,257-258;暂停练习,253 EET第八次疗程(巩固),259-262;描述,259;情绪效能评分,261;暴露练习,260;治疗后测量,261;程序概述,259-261;验证和结束语,261 注意力转移,124, 125-126, 130 视觉,98, 222-223 情境性情绪回避,44 技能:特定技能的困难,143;练习的重要性,168 技能练习记录,25-26, 168, 177 嗅觉,97-98, 222 躯体性情绪回避,44 状态依赖性学习,5, 57, 90 EET中的“挑战”,144 斯特罗斯哈尔,柯克,3 替代性情绪回避,44 主观不适单位评分,34, 189 情绪冲浪。参见情绪冲浪 症状清单,145-146

T 《暂停一下》讲义,134, 253 味觉,99-100, 224 思维:自动负面思维,103, 104;应对思维,103-112;情绪体验与之的关系,20;正念观察思维,32, 50, 143, 181 暂停,134-136;解释,134;关于暂停的讲义,134, 253;向客户介绍,135;心理教育,135, 241;总结点,138;治疗对话示例,136 触觉,100, 224-225 跨诊断治疗,3-4 跨情绪学习,4-5 触发情境:应对思维与之的关系,104;使用想象暴露,83-87;基于价值观的行动与之的关系,69-70, 75-76, 83-87 U 冲动:情绪体验与之的关系,20;正念注意冲动,32, 181;对冲动行为的问题,51 V 价值生活问卷(VLQ),145, 153-154 价值观:在痛苦中访问价值观,69-70;践行价值观的障碍,70-71;客户评估价值观,60-69 价值观评估,60-69;按生活领域进行评估,63-69;治疗对话示例,66-67;工作表,61-62, 64, 68-69 《价值观澄清工作表》,61-62, 193-194 《价值观领域工作表》,64-65, 68-69, 201-204 基于价值观的行动(VBA),7, 59-88;评估价值观,60-69;践行价值观的障碍,70-71;基于价值观行动的好处,60, 72, 73;巩固学习,140, 141;令人痛苦的情境与之的关系,69-70, 75-76, 83-87;解释,59-60;想象暴露与之的关系,83-87, 196-198, 210-211;生活领域与之的关系,63-69;关键时刻的选择与之的关系,71, 88;《车上的怪物》练习与之的关系,75-82;动机与之的关系,60, 71, 74, 75-76, 88;疗程协议,195-214;总结点,73-74, 88;治疗对话示例,66-67, 73, 77-82, 84-87 关于正念的视频,30 W 观察思维,32, 50, 143, 181 《什么是情绪效能?》讲义,15, 170 《你对情绪效能疗法可以期待什么?》讲义,14, 169 威尔逊,凯利,3

进一步知识点阐述

情绪效能疗法(EET)是一种整合了多种心理学理论和技术的方法,旨在帮助个体更好地理解和管理自己的情绪。该方法结合了接纳与承诺疗法(ACT)、辩证行为疗法(DBT)以及认知行为疗法(CBT)等不同治疗模型中的关键元素。

正念接纳:是指通过正念技术来接受当前的情绪状态,而不是试图改变或逃避它们。这种方法强调观察情绪而不加评判,从而增强情绪意识,并减少情绪带来的负面影响。

彻底接受:是指完全接受生活的现状,包括那些不可改变的事实。这有助于减少因抵抗无法改变的情况而产生的额外痛苦。

情绪暴露:是通过有意识地面对引起不适的情境或刺激,以减少对这些情境的恐惧和避免行为。这种方法可以帮助人们逐渐习惯于不舒服的感觉,从而提高他们处理真实生活中类似情境的能力。

分心技巧:当面对强烈的情绪时,采用分心技巧可以暂时转移注意力,从而减轻情绪反应。这些技巧可能包括身体活动、感官体验或其他形式的心理活动。

自动负面思维:指那些未经反思就出现的消极想法,它们往往会导致情绪困扰。通过识别并替换这些自动负面思维,个体可以学会更健康的思考方式,从而改善情绪状态。

痛苦容忍度:是指一个人能够承受负面情绪或生理痛苦的能力。通过培养这种能力,个体可以在面对生活中的挑战时保持更好的功能性和适应性。

情绪效能疗法(EET) 是一种综合性的治疗方法,旨在帮助个体更好地理解和管理自己的情绪。该方法结合了多种心理学理论和技术,包括接纳与承诺疗法(ACT)、辩证行为疗法(DBT)以及认知行为疗法(CBT)等不同治疗模型中的关键元素。

情绪觉察:是EET的一个核心部分,涉及识别和理解当前的情绪状态。这有助于提高个体对自己情绪的认识,并减少情绪带来的负面影响。通过情绪觉察,个体可以学会如何不带评判地观察自己的情绪,从而增强情绪意识。

情绪回避:是指个体试图避免或逃避那些引起不适的情绪。虽然短期内可能有效,但长期来看会导致更多的情绪问题。EET强调通过正念应对和情绪暴露来处理情绪,而不是回避它们。

情绪效能:指的是个体在面对强烈情绪时能够有效管理和调节情绪的能力。EET通过一系列的练习和技能训练来提升个体的情绪效能,包括正念应对、情绪暴露、情绪冲浪等。

情绪暴露:是一种通过有意识地面对引起不适的情境或刺激,以减少恐惧和避免行为的技术。这种方法可以帮助个体逐渐适应不舒服的感觉,从而提高他们处理真实生活中类似情境的能力。

情绪冲浪:是一种比喻,用来描述如何像冲浪者一样驾驭情绪波浪。它强调接受情绪的存在,而不是试图控制或抑制它们。通过练习情绪冲浪,个体可以学会如何与情绪共存,而不是被情绪所控制。

基于暴露的技能练习:这些练习旨在帮助个体通过实际暴露于引发情绪的情境中,逐步学会如何应对和管理这些情绪。这种实践通常结合了正念技术、放松技巧和自我安抚策略。

团体动力学:在团体治疗中,成员之间的互动和支持对于治疗过程至关重要。EET鼓励在团体环境中进行练习,以便成员可以从彼此的经验中学习,并获得额外的支持。

情绪效能疗法(EET) 是一种综合性的治疗方法,旨在帮助个体更好地理解和管理自己的情绪。该方法结合了多种心理学理论和技术,包括接纳与承诺疗法(ACT)、辩证行为疗法(DBT)以及认知行为疗法(CBT)等不同治疗模型中的关键元素。

情绪觉察:是EET的一个核心部分,涉及识别和理解当前的情绪状态。这有助于提高个体对自己情绪的认识,并减少情绪带来的负面影响。通过情绪觉察,个体可以学会如何不带评判地观察自己的情绪,从而增强情绪意识。

情绪回避:是指个体试图避免或逃避那些引起不适的情绪。虽然短期内可能有效,但长期来看会导致更多的情绪问题。EET强调通过正念应对和情绪暴露来处理情绪,而不是回避它们。

情绪效能:指的是个体在面对强烈情绪时能够有效管理和调节情绪的能力。EET通过一系列的练习和技能训练来提升个体的情绪效能,包括正念应对、情绪暴露、情绪冲浪等。

情绪暴露:是一种通过有意识地面对引起不适的情境或刺激,以减少恐惧和避免行为的技术。这种方法可以帮助个体逐渐适应不舒服的感觉,从而提高他们处理真实生活中类似情境的能力。

情绪冲浪:是一种比喻,用来描述如何像冲浪者一样驾驭情绪波浪。它强调接受情绪的存在,而不是试图控制或抑制它们。通过练习情绪冲浪,个体可以学会如何与情绪共存,而不是被情绪所控制。

基于暴露的技能练习:这些练习旨在帮助个体通过实际暴露于引发情绪的情境中,逐步学会如何应对和管理这些情绪。这种实践通常结合了正念技术、放松技巧和自我安抚策略。

正念接纳:是一种通过观察和接受当前情绪状态而不加评判的方法。这种方法有助于减少情绪的负面影响,并增强情绪意识。正念接纳是EET中的一个关键组成部分,用于帮助个体学会如何与情绪和平相处。

正念应对:是指通过正念技术和应对策略来管理情绪。正念应对包括使用应对思维、分心技巧、放松技巧和自我安抚技术等。这些方法可以帮助个体在面对强烈情绪时保持冷静和理性。

关键时刻的选择:指个体在面临情绪挑战时做出选择的关键时刻。通过正念接纳,个体可以在关键时刻做出更有益的选择,而不是被情绪驱动的行为所支配。

车上的怪物:是一个隐喻,用于描述在团体治疗中处理情绪的过程。这个隐喻帮助个体理解并处理自己内心的情绪“怪物”,并通过团队支持来克服这些情绪。

动机:是个体参与治疗和改变行为的动力。EET强调动机的重要性,并通过价值观澄清和目标设定来增强个体的内在动力。

O+A+C(观察+接受+选择)模型:这是一种帮助个体在面对情绪时做出更有效决策的方法。通过观察(Observe)当前的情绪状态,接受(Accept)这些情绪的存在,然后选择(Choose)如何应对,个体可以更好地管理自己的情绪反应。

结果测量:用于评估情绪效能疗法(EET)的效果。常用的工具包括接纳与行动问卷(AAQ)、抑郁、焦虑和压力量表(DASS-21)、情绪调节困难量表(DERS)、痛苦容忍度量表(DTS)、情绪效能量表(EES)以及价值生活问卷(VLQ)。这些工具可以帮助治疗师了解来访在治疗过程中的进展。

彻底接受:是一种重要的心理技术,涉及完全接受当前的情绪和情境,而不是试图改变或逃避它们。这种方法有助于减少因抵抗无法改变的情况而产生的额外痛苦。彻底接受通常与情绪暴露结合使用,以帮助个体逐渐适应不舒服的感觉。

放松技巧:是情绪管理和压力缓解的重要组成部分。通过使用各种放松技巧,如深呼吸、肌肉放松和五感放松练习,个体可以减轻身体紧张,提高情绪稳定性。这些技巧在情绪暴露过程中尤其有用,因为它们可以帮助个体在面对强烈情绪时保持冷静。

自我安抚:是指个体在面对情绪困扰时,通过特定的策略来安慰自己。这些策略可能包括使用五感进行自我安抚,如听音乐、触摸柔软的物品或闻到令人舒适的香味。自我安抚技巧可以帮助个体在情绪激动时找到平静。

EET疗程结构:情绪效能疗法(EET)通常分为八个疗程,每个疗程都有特定的目标和练习。这些疗程包括情绪觉察、正念接纳、基于价值观的行动、正念应对等。每个疗程都包含讲义、工作表和具体的练习,以帮助来访逐步掌握情绪管理技能。

注意力转移:是指将注意力从引起不适的情境或情绪转移到其他事物上。这种技巧可以帮助个体暂时脱离负面情绪,从而减轻情绪反应。注意力转移可以结合其他应对策略,如愉悦活动或生产性任务,以进一步增强效果。

状态依赖性学习:是指个体在特定情绪状态下学习的内容更容易在相同的情绪状态下回忆起来。这种现象强调了在治疗中模拟真实情境的重要性,以便来访能够在实际生活中应用所学的技能。

暂停技巧:这是一种帮助个体在情绪激动时暂时退出当前情境的方法。通过短暂的休息和冷静,个体可以避免做出冲动的行为,并有机会重新评估情况。暂停技巧通常包括深呼吸、身体放松或其他形式的自我安抚。

自动负面思维:是指那些未经反思就出现的消极想法,这些想法往往会导致情绪困扰。通过识别并替换这些自动负面思维,个体可以学会更健康的思考方式,从而改善情绪状态。

应对思维:是指个体在面对压力或挑战时,用来替代自动负面思维的积极和建设性的思维。这些思维可以帮助个体更好地管理情绪,减少焦虑和抑郁的症状。应对思维通常结合了认知重构和正念技术。

正念观察思维:是一种通过正念技术来观察自己的思维而不加评判的方法。这种方法有助于提高个体对自己思维模式的认识,并减少因自动负面思维带来的负面影响。

基于价值观的行动(VBA):是一种鼓励个体根据个人价值观采取行动的方法。通过明确个人的价值观,并将其作为行动的指导原则,个体可以在面对困难和挑战时保持动力和方向。VBA通常包括价值观澄清、设定目标以及制定行动计划等步骤。

价值观评估:是帮助个体明确个人价值观的过程。通过评估不同生活领域中的价值观,个体可以更好地理解自己最重视的东西,并据此做出决策。价值观评估通常包括填写工作表和参与治疗对话。

想象暴露:是一种通过想象特定情境来处理情绪的技术。这种技术可以帮助个体逐步适应和处理那些引起不适的情绪。想象暴露通常与基于价值观的行动结合使用,以帮助个体在实际生活中应用所学技能。

动机:是个体参与治疗和改变行为的动力。通过明确个人价值观并将其作为行动的指导原则,个体可以增强内在动机,从而更有效地应对情绪挑战。

Index A about this book, 10–11 Acceptance and Action Questionnaire (AAQ-2), 145, 158 acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT), 3 acceptance of emotions. See mindful acceptance acceptance of reality. See radical acceptance Anatomy of an Emotion handout, 20, 173 Art of Radical Acceptance handout, 113–114, 236–237 assessment: emotion efficacy, 261; importance of ongoing, 145; outcome measures for, 145, 149–158; symptom inventories and, 145–146; values, 60–69 attention, shifting, 124, 125–126, 130 automatic negative thoughts, 103; identified by clients, 104; replacing with coping thoughts, 104–105, 107–108, 234– 235 avoidance of emotions. See emotion avoidance awareness of emotions. See emotion awareness B Before You Act, Distract handout, 133–134, 246 behavior dysregulation, 2 behaviors: emotion-driven, 43, 51–52; self-destructive, 124, 129–130 Benefits of Values-Based Action Worksheet, 72, 205 Brach, Tara, 17 breathing: cue-controlled, 93, 96, 219; diaphragmatic, 92, 95, 220 Cchoice. See moment of choice chronic pain, 143, 146 Client Coping Thoughts handout, 106, 233 clients: assessment process for, 145–146; orienting to treatment, 13–14; providing ongoing support to, 146–147; self-assessment of emotion efficacy, 261; tailoring treatment for, 144 cognitive emotion avoidance, 44 confidentiality in groups, 167 Consequences of Emotion Avoidance handout, 44–45, 183 consolidating learning, 139–142, 198, 211, 259–262 coping thoughts, 103–112; examples of, 106, 108; exposure and, 105, 109–112, 229–230; guiding the creation of, 104–105; handout and worksheet on, 106–108, 233–235; introducing clients to, 104–105; O+A+C model and, 105; psychoeducation on, 229; replacing automatic thoughts with, 104–105, 107–108, 234–235; summary points about, 121; therapy dialogue example, 109–112. See also mindful coping cue-controlled breathing, 93, 96, 221 D defusion, 29 demoralization, 143–144 Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale–21 (DASS–21), 145, 156–157 dialectical behavior therapy (DBT), 3, 112 diaphragmatic breathing, 92, 95, 220 Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS), 145, 151–152 disclosure in groups, 167 distraction, 123–134; benefits of, 133; emotion exposure and, 243–244; explanation of, 123–124; handout on using, 133–134, 246; O+A+C model and, 131; psychoeducation on,130, 243; steps for mindful, 133–134, 246; strategies for, 124– 130, 247–252; summary points about, 138; therapy dialogue example, 131–133 Distraction Strategies handout, 124–130, 247–252 distress intolerance, 1, 4 distress tolerance, 7, 9, 89, 160, 163 Distress Tolerance Scale (DTS), 145, 150 distressing situations: accessing values during, 69–70, 75– 76, 83–87; imaginal exposure using, 83–87 E EET. See emotion efficacy therapy eight-session protocol for EET, 142–143, 165–262. See also specific EET sessions emotion activation, 144–145 emotion avoidance, 43, 44–49; consequences of, 45, 46– 47; emotion efficacy and, 1, 4; mindful coping and, 133; pros and cons of, 46–47; strategies related to, 44, 45; therapy dialogue example, 48–49 Emotion Avoidance Consequences Worksheet, 47, 184 emotion awareness, 6, 13–25; components of emotion and, 19–25; demoralization related to, 143–144; feelings word list for, 24; handout explaining, 17–18, 171–172; introducing to clients, 16–19; psychoeducation on, 168; session protocol for, 165–177; summary points about, 27; therapy dialogue examples, 18–19, 21–22; worksheet for practicing, 23, 174 Emotion Awareness handout, 17–18, 171–172 emotion dysregulation, 2, 7, 9, 30, 33 emotion efficacy: client self-assessment of, 259; definition of, 1, 11, 15; explaining to clients, 14–16; impact of low, 2 Emotion Efficacy Scale (EES), 145, 155 emotion efficacy therapy (EET): assessment in, 145–146; components of, 5–8, 15–16; conceptualization of, 1–2; consolidating learning about, 139–142; eight-session protocolfor, 142–143, 165–262; exposure used in, 33–37; foundational elements of, 3–5; moment of choice in, 37–41; orienting clients to, 13–14; outcome measures used in, 145, 149–158; providing ongoing support in, 146–147; reasons for using, 2– 3; research results on, 159–163; session structure for, 10–11, 25; Skills Practice Record, 25–26, 168, 177; summary points about, 11, 147; treatment challenges in, 143–145; uniqueness of, 8–9. See also specific EET sessions Emotion Efficacy Therapy Skills handout, 139–140, 254 emotion exposure, 8, 33, 260; coping thoughts and, 229– 230; distraction and, 243–244; final session exercise on, 260; mindful acceptance and, 34–37; radical acceptance and, 230– 231; relaxation skills and, 216–217; self-soothing skills and, 217–218. See also exposure-based skills practice; imaginal exposure emotion regulation: mindful coping and, 8, 104; research results on EET for, 159, 161–162 emotion surfing, 43–58; emotion avoidance vs., 44–49; emotion-driven behavior vs., 51–52; exposure-based practice and, 54–56; handouts for practicing, 53, 57, 192; key abilities required for, 43–44; mindful acceptance and, 52; psychoeducation on, 179; rumination vs., 50–51; script for guided, 55, 185; summary points about, 58; therapy dialogue examples, 53–54, 56 Emotion Surfing Practice handout, 57, 192 Emotion Watching Worksheet, 23, 174 emotion wave metaphor, 43 emotional triggers: imaginal exposure using, 83–87; values-based action and, 69–70, 75–76, 83–87 emotion-driven behavior, 43, 51–52; emotion intensified by, 51; talking with clients about, 52 emotions: activation of, 144–145; anatomy of, 20, 173; components of, 19–25; explaining to clients, 16, 17–18; psychoeducation on, 168; reasons people struggle with, 18 experiential avoidance, 1, 9, 160, 163experiential exercises: five-senses relaxation, 93, 96–97, 221; Monsters on the Bus, 75–82, 209–210. See also guided practices explanations, 50, 51 exposure therapy, 5 exposure-based skills practice, 5, 8, 33–37; coping thoughts and, 105, 109–112, 229–230; distraction and, 131; emotion surfing and, 54–56; final session exercise on, 258; handout for introducing, 34, 189; imaginal vs. emotion exposure in, 8, 33; mindful acceptance and, 34–37, 186–188; psychoeducation on, 186–188; radical acceptance and, 228– 229; relaxation and, 214–215; self-soothing and, 215–216; values-based action and, 83–87, 194–196, 208–209 F feelings: emotional experience and, 20; labeling without judging, 31, 180; list of words describing, 24, 175 Feelings Word List, 24, 175 five-senses exercise, 93, 96–97, 219 Frankl, Victor, 38 G group dynamics, 167, 186, 188 guided practices: emotion surfing, 55; mindful acceptance, 32–33, 182. See also experiential exercises H handouts: Anatomy of an Emotion, 20, 173; Art of Radical Acceptance, 113–114, 234–235; Before You Act, Distract, 133–134, 244; Client Coping Thoughts, 106, 231; Consequences of Emotion Avoidance, 44–45, 183; Distraction Strategies, 124–130, 245–250; Emotion Awareness, 17–18, 171–172; Emotion Efficacy Therapy Skills, 139–140, 254; Emotion Surfing Practice, 57, 192; Feelings Word List, 24, 175; How to Surf an Emotion Wave, 53; Introduction to Exposure, 34, 189; Mindful Acceptance | Observe + Accept, 31–32, 180–181; Mindful Coping Through Relaxation, 95–97,220–221; Moment of Choice, 37–38, 200; Rumination, 51; Take a Time-Out, 134, 253; What Is Emotion Efficacy?, 15, 170; What You Can Expect from Emotion Efficacy Therapy, 14, 169. See also worksheets Hayes, Steven, 3 hearing, sense of, 98–99, 223–224 high emotion efficacy, 3, 15 How to Surf an Emotion Wave handout, 53 I imaginal exposure, 8, 33; coping thoughts and, 105, 109– 112; emotion surfing and, 54, 58; final session exercise on, 258; mindful acceptance and, 34–37, 186–188; psychoeducation on, 186–188; values-based action and, 83– 87, 194–196, 210–211. See also emotion exposure; exposure- based skills practice Introduction to Exposure handout, 34, 189 J judgments, 50, 51 K Kabat-Zinn, Jon, 30 L learning: consolidating, 139–142, 198, 211, 259–262; state-dependent, 5, 57, 90; transemotional, 4–5 Linehan, Marsha, 3, 112 low emotion efficacy: characteristics transdiagnostic treatment for, 3–4 of, 1–2; M maladaptive behavioral responses, 1 metaphors: emotion wave, 43; monsters on the bus, 75 mindful acceptance, 6–7, 29–42; benefits to using, 31; consolidating learning about, 140–141; emotion surfing and, 52; exposure-based practice and, 33–37; handout forintroducing, 31–32, 182–183; moment of choice and, 37–41; psychoeducation on, 29–33, 179; script for guided, 32–33, 182; session protocol for, 178–194; summary points about, 42; therapy dialogue examples, 34–37, 38–41, 186–188. See also radical acceptance Mindful Acceptance | Observe + Accept handout, 31–32, 180–181 mindful coping, 7–8, 89–138; advantages of, 90; consolidating learning about, 140, 141–142; coping thoughts and, 103–112, 233–235; criteria for using, 137; in daily life, 137–138; distraction and, 123–134, 246–252; explanation of, 89–90; introducing to clients, 90–91; O+A+C model and, 92, 101–102; outside-of-session use of, 101–102; psychoeducation on, 216; radical acceptance and, 112–120, 236–239; relaxation skills and, 92–97, 220–221; self-soothing techniques and, 97– 101, 222–225; session protocols for, 215–257; steps for guiding practice of, 91; summary points about, 102, 121, 138; therapy dialogue examples, 91, 93–95, 101, 137–138; time-out and, 134–137 Mindful Coping Through Relaxation handout, 95–97, 220– 221 Mindful Coping Through Self-Soothing worksheet, 97– 100, 222–225 mindfulness: mindful acceptance derived from, 29, 31; videos for introducing, 30 moment of choice: client identification of, 7, 15; handout for introducing, 37–38, 200; mindful acceptance and, 29, 37– 41; psychoeducation on, 196; therapy dialogue example, 38– 41; values-based action and, 71, 88 Moment of Choice handout, 37–38, 200 Monsters on the Bus exercise, 75–82; in-session use of, 209–210; preparing clients for, 76; therapy dialogue example, 77–82 motivation, 60, 71, 74, 75–76, 88 Nnegative thoughts. See automatic negative thoughts negativity bias, 17 O O+A+C (observe + accept + choose) model, 83; coping thoughts and, 105; distraction and, 131; imaginal exposure with VBA and, 83–84, 197, 210–211; mindful coping and, 92, 101–102; time-out and, 135 outcome measures, 145, 149–158; Acceptance and Action Questionnaire, 158; Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale–21, 156–157; Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale, 151–152; Distress Tolerance Scale, 150; Emotion Efficacy Scale, 155; Valued Living Questionnaire, 153–154 P panic disorder, 143 Personalized Emotion Efficacy Plan, 140–142, 253–254 perspective taking, 29 pleasurable activities, 124, 128–129 posttreatment measures, 261 predictions, 50, 51 pretreatment measures, 166 productivity, focusing on, 124, 126–127 protective emotion avoidance, 44 psychoeducation: on coping thoughts, 229; on distraction, 130; on emotion awareness, 168; on emotion surfing, 179; on mindful acceptance, 29–33, 179; on mindful coping, 216; on moment of choice, 196; on radical acceptance, 230; on time- out, 135 R radical acceptance, 112–120; emotion exposure and, 230– 231; examples of, 113; explanation of, 112, 113–114; handout on art of, 113–114, 236–237; practice worksheet, 118–120, 238–239; psychoeducation on, 230; situational assessment, 118–120; steps for practicing, 120, 239; summary pointsabout, 121; therapy dialogue example, 114–118. See also mindful acceptance Radical Acceptance worksheet, 118–120, 238–239 relaxation, 92–97; emotion exposure and, 214–215; techniques used for, 92–93, 95–97, 220–221; therapy dialogue example, 93–95 relaxation without tension practice, 92–93, 96, 220 Replacing Automatic Thoughts with Coping Thoughts worksheet, 107–108 research results on EET, 159–163 rumination, 43, 50–51; handout about, 51; skill difficulties related to, 143; three main forms of, 50 Rumination handout, 51 S sacred pause, 38 safe space in groups, 167 scripts: Guided Emotion Surfing, 55, 185; Guided Mindful Acceptance, 32–33, 182. See also experiential exercises self-destructive behaviors, 124, 129–130 self-report scales, 145 self-soothing, 97–101; emotion exposure and, 217–218; five senses used for, 97–100, 222–225; therapy dialogue example, 101 sensations: emotional experience and, 20; mindful acceptance of, 31, 143, 180 senses: five-senses relaxation exercise, 93, 96–97; self- soothing using each of, 97–100, 222–225 session 1 of EET (Emotion Awareness), 165–177; description, 165; group dynamics, 167; handouts and worksheets, 169–175; materials list, 166; pretreatment measures, 166; procedures overview, 166–168; skills practice, 176–177session 2 of EET (Mindful Acceptance), 178–192; description, 178; exposure exercise, 186–188; group dynamics, 186, 188; handouts and worksheets, 180–185, 189; materials list, 178; procedures overview, 179; scripts, 182, 185; skills practice, 190–191 session 3 of EET (Values-Based Action), 195–207; description, 195; handouts and worksheets, 199–205; imaginal exposure, 196–198; materials list, 195; procedures overview, 196–198; skills practice, 206–207 session 4 of EET (Values-Based Action), 208–214; description, 208; handouts and worksheets, 212–213; imaginal exposure, 210–211; materials list, 208; Monsters on the Bus exercise, 209–210; procedures overview, 208–211; skills practice, 213–215 session 5 of EET (Mindful Coping), 215–227; description, 215; emotion exposure, 216–218; handouts and worksheets, 219–225; materials list, 215; procedures overview, 216–218; relaxation practice, 216–217, 220–221; self-soothing practice, 217–218, 221–225; skills practice, 226–227 session 6 of EET (Mindful Coping), 228–241; coping thoughts practice, 229–230, 233–235; description, 228; emotion exposure, 229–231; handouts and worksheets, 232– 239; materials list, 228; procedures overview, 229–231; radical acceptance practice, 230–231, 236–239; skills practice, 240– 241 session 7 of EET (Mindful Coping), 242–258; description, 242; distraction practice, 243–244, 246–252; EET skills review, 254; emotion exposure, 243–244; handouts and worksheets, 245–256; materials list, 242; Personalized Emotion Efficacy Plan, 244, 255–256; procedures overview, 243–244; skills practice, 257–258; time-out practice, 253 session 8 of EET (Consolidation), 259–262; description, 259; emotion efficacy rating, 261; exposure exercise, 260; posttreatment measures, 261; procedures overview, 259–261; validation and closing remarks, 261 shifting attention, 124, 125–126, 130sight, sense of, 98, 222–223 situational emotion avoidance, 44 skills: difficulty with specific, 143; importance of practicing, 168 Skills Practice Record, 25–26, 168, 177 smell, sense of, 97–98, 222 somatic emotion avoidance, 44 state-dependent learning, 5, 57, 90 “stretch” in EET, 144 Strosahl, Kirk, 3 substitution emotion avoidance, 44 SUDS rating, 34, 189 surfing emotions. See emotion surfing symptom inventories, 145–146 T Take a Time-Out handout, 134, 253 taste, sense of, 99–100, 224 thoughts: automatic negative, 103, 104; coping, 103–112; emotional experience and, 20; mindful watching of, 32, 50, 143, 181 time-out, 134–136; explanation of, 134; handout on taking, 134, 253; introducing to clients, 135; psychoeducation about, 135, 241; summary points about, 138; therapy dialogue example, 136 touch, sense of, 100, 224–225 transdiagnostic treatments, 3–4 transemotional learning, 4–5 triggering situations: coping thoughts and, 104; imaginal exposure using, 83–87; values-based action and, 69–70, 75– 76, 83–87U urges: emotional experience and, 20; mindful noticing of, 32, 181; problem with acting on, 51 V Valued Living Questionnaire (VLQ), 145, 153–154 values: accessing during distress, 69–70; barriers to acting on, 70–71; client assessment of, 60–69 values assessment, 60–69; by life domain, 63–69; therapy dialogue example, 66–67; worksheets for, 61–62, 64, 68–69 Values Clarification Worksheet, 61–62; 193–194 Values Domains worksheet, 64–65, 68–69, 201–204 values-based action (VBA), 7, 59–88; assessing values for, 60–69; barriers to, 70–71; benefits of, 60, 72, 73; consolidating learning about, 140, 141; distressing situations and, 69–70, 75–76, 83–87; explanation of, 59–60; imaginal exposure and, 83–87, 196–198, 210–211; life domains and, 63–69; moment of choice and, 71, 88; Monsters on the Bus exercise and, 75–82; motivation and, 60, 71, 74, 75–76, 88; session protocols for, 195–214; summary points about, 73–74, 88; therapy dialogue examples, 66–67, 73, 77–82, 84–87 videos on mindfulness, 30 W watching thoughts, 32, 50, 143, 181 What Is Emotion Efficacy? handout, 15, 170 What You Can Expect from Emotion Efficacy Therapy handout, 14, 169 Wilson, Kelly, 3