附录B:研究与结果
附录B
研究与结果
这里我们提供了一项关于情绪效能疗法的定量结果试验的研究结果。
假设与结果
假设1 (H1):为期八周的情绪调节治疗将有效减少情绪失调(通过DERS测量),增加对负面情绪调节的自我效能信念(通过MNESRES测量),并减少抑郁、焦虑和压力症状(通过DASS-21测量)。
假设1的结果与前后测得分的显著性
变量 | 单变量计划比较 MANOVA | F (1,21) | d |
---|---|---|---|
情绪调节 (H1) | DERS | 32.36*** | -1.21*** |
MNESRES | 42.17*** | 1.38*** | |
DASS-抑郁 | 5.23* | -0.49* | |
DASS-焦虑 | 5.01* | -0.48* | |
DASS-压力 | 19.37*** | -0.94*** |
注释:N = 22。^ p < 0.10;* p < 0.05;** p < 0.01;*** p < 0.001
Cohen’s d: 0.2 = 小效应;0.5 = 中等效应;0.8 = 大效应。
DERS = 情绪调节困难量表。
DASS = 抑郁、焦虑和压力量表。
MNESRES = 多维负面情绪自我调节量表。
DTS = 痛苦耐受性量表。
MEAQ = 多维体验回避问卷。
假设2 (H2):为期八周的情绪调节治疗将有效减少体验回避(通过MEAQ测量),并增加痛苦耐受性(通过DTS测量)。
假设2的结果与前后测得分的显著性
变量 | 单变量 MANOVA | F (1,21) | 计划比较 | Pre vs. Post | d |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
痛苦耐受性和体验回避 (H2) | DTS | 15.45*** | 1.34*** | ||
MEAQ-总分 | 14.47*** | -0.81*** | |||
MEAQ-行为回避 | 8.53** | -0.62** | |||
MEAQ-痛苦厌恶 | 12.26** | -0.75** | |||
MEAQ-拖延 | 6.90* | -0.56* | |||
MEAQ-分散注意力 | 8.22** | -0.61** | |||
MEAQ-压抑与否认 | 2.31 | 0.32 | |||
MEAQ-痛苦忍耐 | 0.04 | -0.04 |
注释:N = 22。^ p < 0.10;* p < 0.05;** p < 0.01;*** p < 0.001
Cohen’s d: 0.2 = 小效应;0.5 = 中等效应;0.8 = 大效应。
知识点阐述
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研究设计与方法
- 定义:该研究采用了一个为期八周的情绪调节治疗方案,旨在评估其在减少情绪失调、提高负面情绪调节的自我效能信念以及减轻抑郁、焦虑和压力症状方面的效果。
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重要性:
- 提供了实证数据支持情绪调节治疗的有效性。
- 为临床实践提供了科学依据,有助于制定更有效的治疗计划。
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具体实践:
- 样本量:研究共纳入22名参与者。
- 测量工具:使用了多种量表进行评估,包括DERS、MNESRES、DASS-21、DTS和MEAQ。
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统计分析与结果解释
- 定义:研究采用了单变量多变量方差分析(MANOVA)来比较治疗前后的得分变化,并计算了Cohen’s d效应量。
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重要性:
- 统计分析提供了量化结果,帮助理解治疗效果的大小和显著性。
- 效应量的计算有助于评估干预的实际影响。
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具体实践:
- 显著性水平:使用p值来判断结果的统计显著性。
- 效应量:Cohen’s d用于衡量效应的大小,d值越大表示效应越明显。
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研究结果概述
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情绪调节:
- 情绪失调显著减少(d = -1.21)。
- 负面情绪调节的自我效能信念显著增加(d = 1.38)。
- 抑郁症状显著减少(d = -0.49)。
- 焦虑症状显著减少(d = -0.48)。
- 压力症状显著减少(d = -0.94)。
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跨诊断驱动因素:
- 体验回避显著减少(d = -0.81)。
- 痛苦耐受性显著增加(d = 1.34)。
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情绪调节:
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跨诊断驱动因素的重要性
- 定义:跨诊断驱动因素是指在多种心理障碍中普遍存在的核心问题,如情绪失调、体验回避和痛苦耐受性。
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重要性:
- 识别这些跨诊断驱动因素有助于制定更全面和有效的治疗策略。
- 通过解决这些核心问题,可以同时改善多种心理症状。
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具体实践:
- 情绪调节:教授来访如何更好地管理自己的情绪,减少情绪失调。
- 体验回避:帮助来访接受而不是回避负面体验,提高心理灵活性。
- 痛苦耐受性:增强来访在面对痛苦时的耐受能力,提高生活质量。
通过以上知识点的阐述,我们可以看到这项研究提供了有力的证据支持情绪调节治疗在多个方面的有效性。希望这些信息能为您提供有价值的见解,并在实践中有所帮助。
Appendix B Research and Results Here we provide research results from a quantitative outcome trial for emotion efficacy therapy. Hypotheses and Results H1: An eight-week emotion regulation treatment will be effective in reducing emotion dysregulation, as measured by the DERS; increasing self-efficacy beliefs about regulating negative emotions, as measured by the MNESRES; and reducing depression, anxiety, and stress symptoms, as measured by the DASS–21. Results and Significance of Pre- vs. Posttreatment Scores for Hypothesis 1 UnivariatePlanned Comparison MANOVAsPre vs. Post F (1,21)d Variable Hypothesis 1: Emotion Regulation DERS32.36***-1.21*** MNESRES42.171.38 DASS-Depression5.23*-0.49* DASS-Anxiety5.01*-0.48* DASS-Stress19.37***-0.94Note. N = 22. ^p < 0.10; * p < 0.05; ** p <0.01; *** p < 0.001 Cohen’s d: 0.2 = small; 0.5 = medium; 0.8 = large. DERS = Difficulties with Emotion Regulation Scale. DASS = Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale. MNESRES = Multidimensional Negative Emotions Self-regulatory Scale. DTS = Distress Tolerance Scale. MEAQ = Multidimensional Experiential Avoidance Questionnaire. H2: An eight-week emotion regulation treatment will be effective in reducing experiential avoidance, as measured by the MEAQ; and increasing distress tolerance, as measured by the DTS. Results and Significance of Pre- vs. Posttreatment Scores for Hypothesis 2 Univariate MANOVAs Variable F (1,21) Planned Comparison Pre vs. Post d Hypothesis 2: Distress Tolerance and Experiential Avoidance DTS15.451.34*** MEAQ-Total14.47***-0.81*** MEAQ-Behavioral Avoidance8.53**-0.62** MEAQ-Distress Aversion12.26**-0.75** MEAQ-Procrastination6.90*-0.56* 0.04-0.04 8.22**-0.61** MEAQ-Distraction Suppression MEAQ-Repression & Denial &Results and Significance of Pre- vs. Posttreatment Scores for Hypothesis 2 MEAQ-Distress Endurance 2.31 0.32 Note. N = 22. ^p < 0.10; * p < 0.05; ** p <0.01; *** p < 0.001 Cohen’s d: 0.2 = small; 0.5 = medium; 0.8 = large. DERS = Difficulties with Emotion Regulation Scale. DASS = Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale. MNESRES = Multidimensional Negative Emotions Self-regulatory Scale. DTS = Distress Tolerance Scale. MEAQ = Multidimensional Experiential Avoidance Questionnaire. Emotion Regulation MeasuresEmotion dysregulation decreased significantly (d = -1.21)Efficacy regulating negative emotions increased significantly (d = -1.38)Depressive symptoms decreased significantly (d = -0.49)Anxiety symptoms decreased significantly (d = -0.48)Stress symptoms decreased significantly (d = -0.94) Transdiagnostic Drivers Experiential AvoidanceExperiential avoidance decreased significantly (d = -0.81) Distress ToleranceDistress tolerance increased significantly (d = 1.34)